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Jihad & Terrorism

Is fighting and warfare prescribed only in Islam, or do other religions also permit it?

Short Answer

Fighting for a just cause has been prescribed in virtually all major world religions, not only Islam. The Bible commands killing in multiple passages (Ezekiel 9:5, Exodus 32:27-28). Jesus told his followers to buy swords (Luke 22:36). The Hindu Bhagavad Gita contains 18 chapters centered on Lord Krishna commanding Arjuna to fight and kill his own relatives in battle. The Qur'an commands justice even against one's own self and family.

Detailed Explanation

A common tactic used against Islam is to selectively highlight verses about fighting while ignoring that every major world religion has prescribed fighting at some point, particularly in self-defense or against oppression.

The Bible contains numerous passages about warfare and killing:

In the Book of Ezekiel 9:5, the Lord commands: 'Go ye after him through the city, and kill: let not your eye spare, neither have ye pity.'

In the Book of Exodus 32:27-28, Moses says: 'Thus saith the LORD God of Israel, Put every man his sword by his side, and go in and out from gate to gate throughout the camp, and slay every man his brother, and every man his companion, and every man his neighbour. And the children of Levi did according to the word of Moses: and there fell of the people that day about three thousand men.'

Jesus Christ himself told his followers to arm themselves. In the Gospel of Luke 22:36, Jesus says: 'He that hath no sword, let him sell his garment, and buy one.' And in Matthew 26:51, one of Jesus's own apostles drew a sword and struck a servant, cutting off his ear.

In Hinduism, the Bhagavad Gita — the most revered Hindu scripture — is entirely set on a battlefield. It contains 18 chapters of Lord Krishna advising the warrior Arjuna to fight and kill his own relatives, the Kauravas, because they were on the side of injustice. When Arjuna expresses reluctance to fight his own cousins, Krishna tells him: 'Do not yield to this degrading impotence. Give up such petty weakness of heart and arise, O chastiser of the enemy.' Krishna further says: 'If you do not perform your religious duty of fighting, then you will certainly incur sin.'

The Mahabharata, the great Hindu epic of which the Gita is the essence, describes a massive war between relatives. There is more fighting described in the Bhagavad Gita than in the entire Qur'an.

All these religious scriptures must be understood in context. The common thread across all major religions is that fighting is permitted — and sometimes required — when it is for truth, justice, and the defense of the innocent against oppression.

The Qur'an's position is consistent with this universal principle. It commands standing firm for justice even if it goes against one's own interests, parents, or relatives. But it adds crucial restrictions that many other traditions do not emphasize as strongly: do not transgress limits, do not harm non-combatants, accept peace when offered, and escort a surrendering enemy to safety.

The question to ask critics who single out Islam is: Have you read the scriptures of other religions? Why is Islam selectively targeted when fighting for justice is a universal religious principle?

Qur'anic References

Qur’an 4:135

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا كُونُوا قَوَّامِينَ بِالْقِسْطِ شُهَدَاءَ لِلَّهِ وَلَوْ عَلَىٰ أَنفُسِكُمْ أَوِ الْوَالِدَيْنِ وَالْأَقْرَبِينَ

Ya ayyuhal-ladhina amanu kunu qawwamina bil-qisti shuhada'a lillahi wa law 'ala anfusikum awil-walidayni wal-aqrabin

O you who have believed, be persistently standing firm in justice, witnesses for Allah, even if it be against yourselves or parents and relatives. Whether one is rich or poor, Allah is more worthy of both.

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Qur’an 2:190

وَقَاتِلُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ الَّذِينَ يُقَاتِلُونَكُمْ وَلَا تَعْتَدُوا إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يُحِبُّ الْمُعْتَدِينَ

Wa qatilu fi sabilillahi alladhina yuqatilunakum wa la ta'tadu innallaha la yuhibbul-mu'tadin

Fight in the way of Allah those who fight you but do not transgress. Indeed, Allah does not like transgressors.

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Qur’an 2:193

وَقَاتِلُوهُمْ حَتَّىٰ لَا تَكُونَ فِتْنَةٌ وَيَكُونَ الدِّينُ لِلَّهِ فَإِنِ انتَهَوْا فَلَا عُدْوَانَ إِلَّا عَلَى الظَّالِمِينَ

Wa qatiluhum hatta la takuna fitnatun wa yakunad-dinu lillah, fa inin-tahaw fa la 'udwana illa 'alaz-zalimin

Fight them until there is no more Fitnah (tumult and oppression) and until worship is acknowledged to be for Allah. But if they cease, then there is to be no aggression except against the oppressors.

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Qur’an 3:64

قُلْ يَا أَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ تَعَالَوْا إِلَىٰ كَلِمَةٍ سَوَاءٍ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكُمْ أَلَّا نَعْبُدَ إِلَّا اللَّهَ

Qul ya ahlal-kitabi ta'alaw ila kalimatin sawa'in baynana wa baynakum alla na'buda illallah

Say: 'O People of the Scripture, come to a word that is equitable between us and you — that we will not worship except Allah.'

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Hadith References

Sahih al-Bukhari #2786 · Sahih

Narrated by Abu Hurairah

سُئِلَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَيُّ الأَعْمَالِ أَفْضَلُ قَالَ إِيمَانٌ بِاللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ قِيلَ ثُمَّ مَاذَا قَالَ الْجِهَادُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ قِيلَ ثُمَّ مَاذَا قَالَ حَجٌّ مَبْرُورٌ

Su'ila an-Nabiyyu sallallahu 'alayhi wa sallam: Ayyu al-a'mali afdal? Qala: Imanun billahi wa rasulihi. Qila: Thumma madha? Qala: Al-jihadu fi sabilillah. Qila: Thumma madha? Qala: Hajjun mabrur

The Prophet was asked: 'What is the best deed?' He said: 'Belief in Allah and His Messenger.' He was asked: 'Then what?' He said: 'Jihad in the cause of Allah.' He was asked: 'Then what?' He said: 'An accepted Hajj.'

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