Topics/Sanctity of Life

Sanctity of Life

3 items across 2 content types

Qur'an Verses (2)

Qur'an
Surah Al-Ma'idah (5:32)

مَن قَتَلَ نَفْسًا بِغَيْرِ نَفْسٍ أَوْ فَسَادٍ فِي الْأَرْضِ فَكَأَنَّمَا قَتَلَ النَّاسَ جَمِيعًا وَمَنْ أَحْيَاهَا فَكَأَنَّمَا أَحْيَا النَّاسَ جَمِيعًا

Man qatala nafsan bighayri nafsin aw fasadin fil-ardi fa ka'annama qatala an-nasa jami'an wa man ahyaha fa ka'annama ahya an-nasa jami'an

Whoever kills a soul unless for a soul or for corruption [done] in the land — it is as if he had slain mankind entirely. And whoever saves one — it is as if he had saved mankind entirely.

This verse establishes the absolute sanctity of human life in Islamic law. The comparison between one life and all of humanity demonstrates that in God's view, each individual life has infinite value.
Qur'an
Surah Al-Isra (17:33)

وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا۟ ٱلنَّفْسَ ٱلَّتِى حَرَّمَ ٱللَّهُ إِلَّا بِٱلْحَقِّ ۗ وَمَن قُتِلَ مَظْلُومًا فَقَدْ جَعَلْنَا لِوَلِيِّهِۦ سُلْطَـٰنًا فَلَا يُسْرِف فِّى ٱلْقَتْلِ ۖ إِنَّهُۥ كَانَ مَنصُورًا

Wa la taqtulun-nafsa allati harramallahu illa bil-haqq. Wa man qutila mazluman fa qad ja'alna liwaliyyihi sultanan fa la yusrif fil-qatl. Innahu kana mansura

And do not kill the soul which Allah has forbidden, except by right. And whoever is killed unjustly — We have given his heir authority, but let him not exceed limits in the matter of taking life. Indeed, he has been supported by the law.

This verse establishes the inviolability of human life as a divine command, complementing 5:32 (the sanctity of life verse). It adds a crucial legal dimension: even when seeking justice for wrongful killing, the victim's heir must not 'exceed limits' — prohibiting collective punishment, disproportionate retaliation, and vigilante justice. The phrase 'except by right' (illa bil-haqq) means only through proper legal process. This verse became foundational to the Islamic jurisprudence of qisas (legal retribution) with its strict evidentiary requirements.

Hadith (1)

Hadith
Sahih al-Bukhari 6484
Sahih

لاَ يَحِلُّ دَمُ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ يَشْهَدُ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ وَأَنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إِلاَّ بِإِحْدَى ثَلاَثٍ النَّفْسُ بِالنَّفْسِ وَالثَّيِّبُ الزَّانِي وَالْمَارِقُ مِنَ الدِّينِ التَّارِكُ لِلْجَمَاعَةِ

La yahillu damu imri'in Muslimin yash-hadu an la ilaha illallah wa anni Rasulullah illa bi ihda thalath: an-nafsu bin-nafs, wath-thayyibu az-zani, wal-mariqu min ad-din at-tariku lil-jama'ah

The Prophet said: 'The blood of a Muslim who testifies that there is no god but Allah and that I am the Messenger of Allah is not lawful except in three cases: a life for a life, the married adulterer, and the one who abandons his religion and separates from the community.'

Narrated by Abdullah ibn Mas'ud

This hadith establishes the sanctity of human life as a fundamental principle in Islamic law. The default state is absolute inviolability — taking a Muslim's life is forbidden. The three exceptions listed are narrow legal categories that historically required extensive judicial process and evidentiary standards.